Global maps of the Ocean microbiome: Taxonomic diversity of prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) in the surface mixed layer, projected under contemporary (2005-2012) environmental conditions, based on the modelled habitat suitability of marker gene-based O…

This collection of global maps provides global marine prokaryotic diversity using a standardized ensemble pipeline that integrates metagenomic profiles with environmental predictors. Metagenomic samples from the Ocean Microbiomics Database were processed into domain- and class-level taxonomic profiles, and diversity indices (richness, Shannon, Chao1) were estimated from rarified mOTU counts. Multiple algorithms—Generalized Linear and Additive Models, Random Forests, Boosted Regression Trees, Support Vector Machines, and shallow neural networks—were trained and tuned using five-fold cross-validation. Models were evaluated using root mean square error and R², with only well-performing models (R² ≥ 0.25) retained. Ensemble predictions were derived as the mean across all successful models, while associated uncertainty was quantified as the standard deviation among them. The resulting dataset contains annual, global projections of domain- and class-level prokaryotic diversity indices (richness, Shannon, Chao1). Each netCDF file provides both the ensemble average and standard deviation, offering spatially explicit estimates alongside model-based uncertainty.